Evaluación retrospectiva de la frecuencia de fracturas en perros en clínicas de la ciudad de Cuenca, durante el periodo 2018-2022

Abstract

The present investigation characterized the risk factors associated with the frequency of fractures in the canine species in Cuenca (Ecuador) through a retrospective study of clinical cases between 2018 and 2022. For this purpose, 385 clinical records were reviewed, from 15 veterinary clinics with traumatological services. The independent variable was the affected bone, and the dependent variables were breed size, age, sex, and etiology. According to the affected bone, 26.6% of fractures occurred in the pelvis, 25.6% in the femur, and 15% in the tibia/fibula. Small breed dogs presented a higher frequency of fractures (55.19%) as well as the category “female” (60.56%). Adult dogs account for 43.33% of fractures, while the most common etiology was car accident (73.52%). In general, it stands out that femur fracture has a higher risk of happening in dogs’ youngers than one year and has a lower probability of occurrence in small breeds. Geriatric dogs have a lower risk of tibia/fibula fractures, while dogs younger than oneyear-old have a lower risk of pelvic fractures. Regarding to etiology, car accident predisposes to the presentation of a femur fracture. Finally, regarding to sex, male dogs have a higher probability to suffer a pelvis fracture.