Cistatina C como biomarcador de diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica en pacientes diabéticos: una revisión de literatura

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a condition caused by kidney damage, leading to a loss of the ability to properly filter and eliminate elements of waste. This can mainly occur due to chronic diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus in which early diagnosis is crucial for proper management of the disease. The purpose of this thesis is to do a literature review by searching various digital databases regarding the use of cystatin C as a diagnostic biomarker for renal insufficiency in diabetic patients over the last 12 years. The selected studies consist of using populations with type II diabetes and stages of acute or chronic kidney insufficiency. Common markers like creatinine, urea, and albumin were measured and compared with cystatin C values. Glomerular filtration rate was also used to identify the stage of kidney disease. The results showed that patients with type II diabetes and lower glomerular filtration rate have higher concentrations of cystatin C. Sensitivity and specificity of cystatin C were evaluated in comparison with other biomarkers such as creatinine and investigational proteins, and cystatin C demonstrated favorable results, making it a useful tool for early diagnosis of renal insufficiency in diabetic patients. The main conclusions indicate that cystatin C is a valuable and accurate biomarker for early diagnosis of renal insufficiency in diabetic patients, enabling timely treatment and improving patients' quality of life.