Valoración de la postura en las niñas de la Escuela Fiscal España; y programa de Intervención Educativa, Cuenca 2010

Abstract

Objective: Perform the postural assessment in girls in the public school "España" to help develop knowledge, attitudes and healthy practices in the 2009 to 2010 school year.

Methodology: An investigation of the participatory action was done to 688 school girls of the public school “España” to determine the knowledge, attitudes and abilities of the different processes related to postural health of the participants. Data was obtained from postural assessments made by investigators.

Results: 57,12% of girls do not have any kind of alteration. 42,88% of the girls have postural disturbances, of which 97.62% is an acquired condition and 2.38% have a congenital postural alteration. The main changes seen are those that affect the spine, with a total of 143 cases, corresponding to 20.78%, 126 of which are due to scoliosis, 8 to lordosis, 8 to kyphosis and 1 to a flat back, 130 cases were detected of shoulder disorders corresponding to 18,89% of which 99 cases are of fallen right shoulder, 23 are of fallen left shoulder and 8 to antepulsionshoulders. In the same manner 99 cases of higher left scapula and 23 higher right scapula. 9 cases corresponding to cervical abnormalities equivalent to 1.31%. And other changes alterations with lower percentages, knees with a 0.58%, pelvis with a 1.16% and 1 case of flat feet which corresponds to 0.15%. The results of the PRE CAPs, a 60.76% of the students did not know basics facts of the spine, its functions and its most frequent alterations, therefore it was perceived the misapplication of body mechanics when sitting, standing, walking, carrying weights. After the educational intervention, the POST CAPs showed a 97.82% favorable outcome, in which the students received an excellent rating.

Conclusions: The proportion of cases in this project are accordingly and sum up to a worrying rise in the number of alterations in cases. Of the 126 cases of scoliosis 78.57% belong to the left dorsal scoliosis and 18.25% have right thoracic scoliosis these alterations being more frequent, the same is corroborated by a series of data expressing scoliosis with a frequency between boys and girls from 10 to 20%. We reveal a worryingly and alarming incidence of scoliosis in schoolchildren so we emphasize health promotion and early detection to postural alterations, this being a dominant factor for the conservation and welfare of our children's health with appropriate programs acting as a manager of health: the family, both public and private institutions and individual awareness.