Frecuencia de hepatitis B, hepatitis C y virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en donantes de sangre del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2017-2019

Abstract

Blood donation is one of the basic pillars in transfusion safety, the risk of acquiring Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV during a blood transfusion is 1 in 43 thousand, 1 in 19 thousand and 1 in 132 thousand respectively, this is due to the window period in 90% of cases. In 1985, tests began to detect infectious diseases in blood donors, constituting more than 25% of all mortality cases and presenting a very heterogeneous etiology. Objective: To determine the frequency of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in blood donors at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Year 2017-2019. Methodology: This research was descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective. The data was collected through a questionnaire, interpreted through simple and crossed tables with percentage values and frequencies. The tabulation of data and statistical graphs in the programs IBM SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Results: The group of donors studied during the years 2017-2019 gave a total sample of 384 donors, of which 23 (5.99%) were positive for infectious diseases, of which 13 donors (3.39%) were positive for Hepatitis B, 7 donors (1.82%%) corresponded to Hepatitis C and 3 reagents (0.78%%) for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. There was a greater number of cases in males with 4.17% with a predominance of the age group between 18-30 years, whose frequency was 3.13%.