Evaluación del riesgo ergonómico al que se ve afectado el personal de atención prehospitalaria del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social Cuenca en la atención de emergencias por trauma

Abstract

Paramedic personnel are systematically exposed to ergonomic risks during the development of their profession. This research has focused on the analysis of ergonomic risks in the Paramedics of the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital in the city of Cuenca, in the care given to patients due to trauma events. For this, qualitative and quantitative evaluations were carried out. We worked with 100% of the population, made up of the 56 Paramedics who work in this hospital. However, only 28 of the 56 Paramedics participated in the application of the Kuorionka Nordic questionnaire. This instrument showed that 86% of those surveyed have suffered or suffer from a musculoskeletal disorder, in 75% of these, the most common conditions have been located in the neck, back and shoulders and in the remaining 25% the affections were at the level of the arms, elbows and wrists. In the quantitative methods of ergonomic risk assessment, Owas, REBA and MAPO, as a result of their evaluations, values of 50%, 85% and 100% are obtained respectively, referring to the level of risk within the scales from medium high to very high. As part of this research, a comparison of the results obtained in each evaluation method was carried out to establish an association of ergonomic risk that was finally verified with the application of the relative risk calculation, obtaining a value of 3.43, which indicates a strength of very high association. With the information obtained from data processing, it is evident the need to take the corresponding corrective actions to reduce the level of ergonomic risk, among which should be training and prevention programs.