La narración en primera persona aplicado al guion de cortometraje - documental El Pequeño Cuartel

Abstract

The objective of this study is to show hoy the first person in the script of the short documentary El Pequeño Cuartel is built and developed. This short film is based on personal and family memories that are situated in a domestic space. New meanings in archive material will also be an important part of this project. Among the concepts that are going to be addressed, are the ones taken from Cineastas Frente al Espejo (2008), in which María Luisa Ortega, Alain Bergala, Efrén Cuevas Alvares are a part of. This text delves into a study about autobiographical cinema and the different uses of the "I" (first person) in filmed diaries. Raquel Schefer (2008) and Antonio Weinrichter (2007) are the theorists that give this project the concepts about self-portraits exploring the personal intimacy of the subjects. Reinforcing the theme of enunciation, Philippe Lejeune in El pacto autobiográfico y otros estudios (The Autobiographical Pact and Other Studies) (1975) starts by approaching the narrator, character and author as a single enunciating instance that is exposed, fragmented, and that uses the first person in the enunciation. Polyphony and archival material, narrative and discursive aesthetic elements are characteristic of this type of selfreferential documentaries that function as devices for the said enunciation. For the analysis of documentary cases where each enunciation of the "I" is shown in a different way, different methodological proposals given by Aida Vallejo in her study of Narrativas documentales contemporáneas. De la mostración a la enunciación (2013) will be used. El relato cinematográfico. Cine y Narratología (2001) by André Gaudreault and Franꞔois Jost, give this project the concepts inside the narrative and the story (diegesis and extradiegesis), with special emphasis on the elements of the narrative instance, the temporality and the point of view. All the previous concepts are used in order to be able to develop the narrative proposal for the documentary short film El Pequeño Cuartel from the theorization and analysis of different films, to prove its use in the documentary implementation.