Características epidemiológicas del síndrome antifosfolipídico en embarazadas del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Período 2017-2019. Cuenca 2020

Abstract

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome, is an acquired thrombophilia mediated by antiphospholipid antibodies, it affects mostly women between 30 and 40. If it occurs during pregnancy, without a previous story of thrombosis, it is called obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome. General objective: determine the epidemiological characteristics of antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnant women at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, period 2017-2019. Cuenca, 2020. Methodology: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out through a retrospective review of 4302 clinical records of pregnant women, who attended the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital during the period 2017-2019, with antiphospholipid syndrome. Results: antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnant patients has a prevalence rate of 2 per 1000 pregnant women in a period of 3 years. Of 10 patients observed: 60% are between 20 to 35 years old with an average of 31.9. Anti beta 2 glycoprotein was manifested in 50% and with anticardiolipins in 20%. 50% presented spontaneous abortions. 20% received acetylsalicylic acid and had a normal delivery. Of 50% of patients who did not receive treatment, one ended in abortion. Conclusions: Antiphospholipid Syndrome had a low prevalence and appeared in an age range between 20 to 35 years. The most frequent gynecological and obstetric story was one previous pregnancy, followed by at least one previous abortion, which is considered a clinical criterion. The treatment of choice was acetylsalicylic acid. Key words: Antiphospholipid syndrome, Antiphospholipid antibodies, Recurrent abortion, Autoimmune diseases.