Prevalencia de cesárea de emergencia y su asociación con la hemorragia postparto. Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, período 2019. Cuenca 2020

Abstract

Background: at the global level, caesarean section delivery has been established as one of the main surgical-obstetric procedures. In 2016 in Ecuador, the percentage of caesarean sections was 46.19% according to INEC. A 2015 study at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital shows that 75.2% of births were emergency caesarean section. In addition, postpartum haemorrhage is one of the complications of caesarean section and is one of the main causes of maternal mortality in Ecuador.

General objective: to determine the prevalence of emergency caesarean section and its association with postpartum hemorrhage in Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital during 2019.

Methodology: an analytical, retrospective cross-sectional study was performed. The universe was made up of all the clinical histories of women who underwent caesarean section and who presented postpartum hemorrhage at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital during 2019. The data was collected in a form designed for the study, the analysis was performed in the SPSS version 20 program, the results are presented in tables and frequency graphs using mean, standard deviation, odds ratio (95% CI) and p value (0.05) for statistical significance.

Results: The prevalence of emergency caesarean section is 10.2%, with 2.12% having postpartum hemorrhage. Patients with age of 20-29 years predominated with 54.3%. 61.7% are multiparous. Emergency caesarean sections were for dystocia 34.04%, anterior caesarean section 22.34% and severe preeclampsia 11.7%. The two cases of postpartum hemorrhage were related to severe preeclampsia and placenta praevia with bleeding of 1300ml and 2000 ml respectively; the first one was admitted to the ICU for integral management with favorable evolution.