Prevalencia y factores asociados de anemia ferropénica en gestantes que acudieron al Centro de Salud Tomebamba, en el período Julio 2019 – Julio 2020. Cuenca

Abstract

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is a common disorder in pregnant women and is associated with factors such as: maternal age, multiparity, and poor diet. Objective: To determine the prevalence and the factors associated with the presence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women who were treated at the “Tomebamba” Health Center in the city of Cuenca, during the period July 2019 - July 2020. Material and methods: Observational and analytical prevalence study. Approved by the Bioethics Committee on 10/13/20. A sample of 123 patients was obtained, for which an instrument was developed to collect information on: presence of anemia, sociodemographic condition, nutritional status of the pregnant woman and associated factors. Results: The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women who attended the “Tomebamba” Health Center was 8.94 x 100, a figure lower than the averages found in the local environment. The prevalence of anemia is different according to associated factors; thus, it is 5.69 x 100 in those who did not plan their pregnancy, 4.88 in inadequate prenatal control, 8.94 in those with less than 5 children, and 8.13 in 13-28 weeks of gestation and 4.88 in normal nutritional status. Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is more prevalent in unplanned pregnancy, with inadequate prenatal controls, which were in the second trimester and with less than 5 previous pregnancies. No association was found with nutritional status or with the use of an iron supplement.