Macrosomía fetal: complicaciones maternas y neonatales en puérperas atendidas en el hospital José Carrasco Arteaga período 2015-2019. Cuenca 2020

Abstract

Background: Fetal macrosomia is defined as birth weight ≥4.000g, being related to established risk factors, causing complications and endangering the fetus and the mother during delivery and in the neonatal period. Objective: To identify the maternal-neonatal complications caused by fetal macrosomia, in the “Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga”, period 2015-2019. Methodology: It is a descriptive, transversal study in which the clinical histories of newborns with a weight of ≥4,000g were reviewed and maternal-neonatal complications were identified. The data were tabulated and analyzed in the SPSS program, using measures of dispersion (standard deviation), central tendency (means) and frequency distribution. Results: The most frequent maternal complications were: cesarean section with 73.21%, prolonged labor with 46.42% and postpartum hemorrhage with 28.57%; and among the most frequent neonatal complications were: caput succedaneum with 42.86%, shoulder dystocia 21.43% and hypoglycemia with 17.86%. Conclusion: The most frequent maternal and neonatal complication found in postpartum women and in macrosomia newborns attended at the “Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga” in the period 2015 and 2019 were cesarean section and caput succedaneum respectively.