Prevalencia y factores asociados anemia adulto mayor área medicina interna Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, 2018 Cuenca

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: in Ecuador about 6.5% of the population is older adults, being a risk group that could get anemia, which is associated with greater morbidity and mortality, the risk of fractures, physical limitation, depression and cognitive deterioration, which are considered the most frequent hospital admissions. General objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in the elderly in the Internal Medicine area of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, 2018 Cuenca - Ecuador. Methodological design: the research was a cross-sectional analytical study of prevalence, the universe consisted of 26,291 older adults who attended the internal medicine service of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in 2018, and the sample for this study was 751 people. A form was prepared with sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data; the statistical analysis was carried out in the free version PSPP software in Spanish. The measures used to present the results are frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation; to counteract the hypothesis, the chi square (significance p <0.05); to measure association, the prevalence ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results: the sample is made up of 679 older adults who were hospitalized in the internal medicine service of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in Cuenca, about 249 cases of older men with anemia (63.7%) have been found; while 172 cases (59.7%) were found in women. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that were associated with anemia are: low weight, obesity, tobacco consumption; and those who suffered from oncological, nephrological, hematological and infectological comorbidities. Conclusions: the prevalence of anemia was high in men and with the normochromic normocytic type. Statistical association was found between anemia and sociodemographic characteristics, in which stand out: low weight and clinical entities of the type: oncological, nephrological, hematological and infectological.