Principales causas y características de cesárea en adolescentes en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga de Cuenca, durante los años 2010-2019. Cuenca 2020

Abstract

ANTECEDENT:According to the WHO, adolescence is the stage of growth and development, which originates after the stage of childhood and precedes adulthood, between 10and 19 years. Pregnancy in adolescents is a global public health problem, which negatively affects developing countries, causing significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.GENERAL OBJECTIVE:Identify the main causes and characteristics of cesarean section, in adolescents treated in the gynecology and obstetrics services of the Hospital of specialties “José Carrasco Arteaga” of Cuenca, during the years 2010 to 2019.METHODOLOGY:We achieved the objective through a descriptive, retrospectiveandquantitative study, the sample consisted of 263 medical records of the adolescents who underwent cesarean section in the gynecology and obstetrics departmentof the Hospital de Especialidades "José Carrasco Arteaga" during the years 2010 to 2019.RESULTS:The mean age of the adolescents who underwent caesarean sections was 16.62 ± 1.42, most of them on the scale of 17 to 19 years, 67.3% were students; 55.5% were elective caesarean sections and only one recourse caesarean section. The main diagnoses for caesarean sections were head-to-pelvic disproportion, followed by others (eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, negative labor test, failed induction, and previous caesarean section), and compromised fetal well-being.CONCLUSIONS:The main cause of caesarean section is pelvic head disproportion and is performed in adolescent students between 17 and 19 years of age.