Prevalencia de hipogonadismo clínico por Test de Adam, en usuarios que consumen esteroides anabólicos androgénicos en gimnasios de Cuenca, 2020

Abstract

Background: clinical hypogonadism due to the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) is a poorly recognized consequence. Today many AAS are used to obtain a more attractive external appearance and improve physical performance. These used substances used by professional bodybuilders, have become increasingly popular among recreational athletes. Objective: determine the prevalence of clinical hypogonadism by ADAM test, in users who consume AAS in gyms in Cuenca 2020. Method: an analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in 216 male users of gyms in the city of Cuenca who have consumed AAS. After signing the informed consent, the information was collected through interviews, using the androgen deficiency questionnaire in the elderly man (ADAM: for its acronym in English), validated as a screening test in young patients, which determines the presence or not of symptoms of hypogonadism. The results were processed in the SPSS 24 and Excel 2019 programs, using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, and contingency tables were generated using Prevalence Ratio and Chi square to establish association. Results: the prevalence of clinical hypogonadism due to ASA consumption was 38.4%, with a predominance in 18-25-year olds (63%), the most frequent side effect being mood alteration (50.5%). Clinical hypogonadism was associated with patterns of AAS use in cycles of 4 to 6 weeks (PR: 1,661; LI: 1,292; LS: 1,976; p: 0.000), as well as with steroidal drugs such as Stanozolol (PR: 1,419; LI: 1.058; LS: 1.763; p: 0.022) and Nandrolone (PR: 1.862; LI: 1.506; LS: 2.138 p: 0.000) and sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion: through the ADAM questionnaire, clinical hypogonadism was determined, especially in young adults. A statistically significant association was found between clinical hypogonadism and consumption in cycles of ASA, in addition to steroidal drugs and sociodemographic characteristics.