Estudio retrospectivo de mastocitoma cutáneo en perros (Canis lupus familiaris) diagnosticado por histopatología en el período 2014-2018

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological reports of the histopathology laboratory "Histodiagnóstico Veterinario ". A total of 1444 cases of cutaneous neoplasms with a specific diagnosis of cutaneous mast cell tumor in dogs were taken into account through a retrospective analysis between 2014 and 2018, obtaining a frequency of presentation of cutaneous mast cell tumor of 15% (216/1444). According to the Patnaik scale when classifying the mast cell tumor, a higher presentation of grade II was found in females (53%), the most affected age range is between 5.1 and 9 years (43%), the most affected breed were the mixed breeds (13 %), the most frequent anatomical location was the trunk (32%); and, the surgical margins reported with the highest occurrence were near the edges (73%). According to the Kiupel scale, the low-grade cutaneous mast cell tumor was reported, with females being the most affected (60%), the age between 5.1 to 9 years was mostly reported (42%), mixed breeds were diagnosed with greater occurrence (17%), the most common anatomical location was the trunk (36%); and the surgical margins were most of the time observed near the edges (69%). Female patients are at greater risk (OR = 3.69; 95% CI: 1.81-7.53), geriatric patients (> 9.1 years) are at a higher risk of developing high-grade mast cell tumor compared to young patients and adults (OR <1); the breeds with the highest risk of developing high grade malignancies were: French Bulldog (OR = 4.35; 95% CI: 0.73-25.6), Shar Pei (OR = 4.64; 95% CI: 1.2317.52), and Golden Retriever (OR = 5.80; 95% CI: 1.21-27.63).