Métodos y recursos para la enseñanza de proyecciones y vistas de sólidos

Abstract

This work refers to the development of methods and resources for teaching projections and solid views, several researches show that there is a shortfall in the development of spatial visualization skills in students, since a series of mental procedures are involved to operate or transform flat representations into three-dimensional objects. One of the causes of this problem is that the teacher uses the board for his explanations, but it is difficult to represent a three-dimensional object, on a flat surface like the board. The results obtained from tests and interviews reaffirm the difficulties that may arise when obtaining the projections and views of a solid or the identification of the correct positions of the faces of an object when it has been turned over. For this reason, a series of innovative activities have been designed that with the support of teaching resources achieve the skills of visualization and spatial orientation in students. Tangible teaching resources facilitate the manipulation and visualization of the various positions that solids can have, allowing students to observe the views and projections as they actually are. Therefore, a text was prepared for the teacher containing various active methodological strategies with guidelines for the proper use of the specific material, the objective is to propose several alternative options for the development of the subject, and at the same time, students enhance their visualization and spatial orientation capabilities. Also, ideas are proposed to design activities that allow the student to transform and internalize his learnings, so, these activities follow the most significant principles of David Ausubel's constructivist pedagogical model where the real protagonist of learning is the student.