Intercambio de energía eléctrica en baja tensión, implementando un algoritmo de juegos cooperativos

Abstract

In the traditional electrical systems, there are large power generation plants, which supply with power to the entire system, these power stations are located away from the main centers of consumption, so the energy, from his generation to use you must travel long distances and through different processes to finally reach consumers, this process represents considerable energy losses. The increasing popularity renewable energy, and with them the apparition of the micro grids is changing the perception of the system. The great advances in the use of renewable energy systems now allow the user of the network not only auto-supply their own demand, if not it give the possibility that sold the excess energy produced to the grid or others users. Thus users become an active part of the network as micro-generators (distributed generation), which although they possess small power, the sum of several of them, can supply of energy to certain loads; in addition to being near or within the consumption centers are not affected as by losses in energy transport. This titling work proposes an algorithm that optimizes the use of these technologies in low-voltage distribution networks (photovoltaic, wind, hydro, etc.). Assuming a constant exchange of information within the parts of the system and applying the concept of cooperative game theory that allows an exchange of energy between the transformer and users or between users. In addition, based on own restrictions on such networks seek to reduce losses on as much as possible, improving this way to the operation of the system. Whit the use of cooperative game theory seeks to build coalitions that optimize energy exchanges, allowing users who need energy (buyers) who choose to acquire it forming direct coalitions with the network or with a user generator (sellers) that are near the same, reducing losses and generating technical and economic benefits for the buyer, seller and the system as such.