Prevalencia de caries de la temprana infancia y de sus factores de riesgo asociados en niños que asisten a centros infantiles del buen vivir (CIBV) Santa Ana San Joaquín, San Agustín, Los Bloqueritos, Paccha y Bellavista, Cuenca, Julio - Diciembre 2018

Abstract

Background: The caries of early childhood is a disease of great prevalence worldwide, since it affects the quality of life of children; this is corroborated by the research carried out at the regional and local levels.

Objective: To know the prevalence of early childhood caries through the ICDAS indez and its associated risk factors through the CAMBRA protocol.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample determined by a non-probabilistic method, through the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in which 122 children participated and were registeres in all the CIBV from the city of Cuenca: Santa Ana San Joaquín, San Agustín, Los Bloqueritos, Paccha and Bellavista, in the period from July to December 2018

Results: The early childhood caries is presented in a total of 99,2 %. The ICDAS code 2 was the most frequent with a total of 45.1 %, followed by code 3. The global caries index of most children was considered high in 51.6 % of patients and the predominant risk factor was "between-meals consumption more than 3 times of snacks with sugar, cooked starch, sugary drinks".

Conclusions: The data obtained indicate a high prevalence of early childhood caries. The main risk factor is the cariogenic diet and the consumption of more than 3 snacks with sugar, so we need to create spaces for prevention for parents or responsible caregivers that focus on educating and indicating good eating habits and dental hygiene.