Antropometría del neonato de madres indígenas y mestizas, Hospital Básico de Saraguro, 2016

Abstract

The gaps between the indigenous and mestizo population are notorious for the different socioeconomic practices that differentiate them, so the state of health of the newborns is closely related to the conditions in which the pregnant woman develops. Objective: To determine the anthropometry of the newborn of indigenous and mestizo mothers born in the Basic Hospital of Saraguro, 2016. Method: This descriptive study was carried out through the review of 143 clinical records of term pregnancies, without risk, whose delivery was attended at the Saraguro Hospital between January and October 2016, with the obtaining of a single live product without apparent pathology. The maternal variables (age, ethnic self-identification, marital status, education, residence, occupation, type of feat) and neonatal variables (sex, age, weight, height, head circumference and thoracic perimeter) were compiled in a questionnaire structured by the authors, and they were analyzed in the SPSS 20 program. Results: The average age of the mothers was 23.8 years, the 46.8% were indigenous, 49% had primary education and 51% had multigestations; On the other hand, the means of weight (3295 g, p: 0.024), length (49.7 cm, p: 0.013) and head circumference (34 cm, p: 0.021) were closely higher in neonates of mestizo mothers than the averages of children of indigenous mothers (weight: 3147 g, length: 49.0 cm, head circumference: 33 cm), the thoracic perimeter did not obtain significant differences (p: 0.71). Conclusions: The weight, height and cephalic perimeter of neonates of mestizo mothers are superior to the neonates of indigenous mothers of Saraguro - Ecuador.