Prevalencia de complicaciones y factores asociados a la colocación de catéter venoso central ecoguiado y por reparos anatómicos. Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca 2017

Abstract

Central venous catheters are devices that are inserted into main venous vessels to administer drugs, fluids, parenteral nutrition, or determine physiological constants. Complication rates between 5% and 19% are reported. Objective: Know the prevalence of complications and associated factors when placing an echoguided central venous catheter and for anatomical landmarks at the Hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was designed. Universe: Patients undergoing Central Venous Catheter placement in the operating room of the Hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga from June 2017 to May 2018. Inclusion criteria: Patients older than 18 years who were placed Central Venous Catheter in Operating Room. Exclusion criteria: Patients that doesn`t accept the study. Variables: Age, Sex, BMI, ASA, Pathology, Neck diameter, Neck length, Number of punctures, Procedure duration, Technique, Location, Complications. In the hypothesis test, the relative risk was calculated with the 95% confidence interval and value of p <0.05. Results: The study was performed in 460 patients, with 15.9% of complications. Under ultrasound supervision, 86% of catheters were placed and 14% by anatomical repairs. The technique with the highest prevalence of complications is due to anatomical repairs (32.8%) compared to ultrasound (13.1%). The most common complication was arterial puncture with 6.5%. Conclusions: The ultrasound-guided technique is more successful with a single puncture, and a lower prevalence of complications.