Factores asociados a infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2016-2018

Abstract

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium related to high morbidity and mortality, increase of stays and hospital costs. Objective: To determine the associated factors with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, 2016 – 2018. Materials and methods: Observational, analytical, case-control study. The sample was calculated according to the proportion of cases and controls exposed in a similar study taking into account the OR of the most important associated factor; 2 controls were taken per case. OR values were calculated with 95% CI, and a p-value < 0.05 was accepted. Results: Data from 135 patients (45 cases and 90 controls) were analyzed. Soft tissue infection is the most frequent in the cases (55.6%), and pneumonia in the controls (42.2%). The factors with positive association were: previous hospitalization (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.07 - 5.07, p = 0.03), previous antibiotic therapy (OR: 4.75, 95% CI: 2 , 03 - 11.09, p = 0.0002), CVC (OR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.19-9.61, p = 0.017), bladder catheter (OR: 14.33; 95% CI: 4.46 - 46.02, p = 0.00), gastric tube (OR: 53.53, 95% CI: 3.05 - 938.05, p = 0.00) and surgery (OR: 9.70 95% CI: 2.96 - 31.74, p = 0.00). With the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, the associated factors predict infections by MRSA in 59,8%; previous antibiotic therapy, bladder catheter and medical intervention being the most influential factors Conclusions: The associated factors: previous antibiotic therapy, previous hospitalization, CVC, bladder catheter, gastric tube and surgery are the most significant for the development of MRSA infections.