Síntomas músculo esqueléticos en conductores de bus urbano del cantón Cuenca: factor de riesgo psicosocial

Abstract

The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (SME) is frequent among urban bus drivers, due to the occupational risks derived from their work, among which is the psychosocial risk. The purpose of the present study was to determine if there is a relationship between the prevalence of SME presented by urban bus drivers in the city of Cuenca, with the psychosocial risk factors related to their work. For this, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 82 urban bus drivers from the city of Cuenca. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was determined by applying the Nordic Standardized Questionnaire and the evaluation of psychosocial risk factors was performed by applying the questionnaire developed by researcher Deborah Alperovitch. A total of 73 bus drivers (89%) present stress in at least one factor, while 50 drivers (61%) have musculoskeletal symptoms in the last 12 months. There is a statistically significant relationship (p <0.05) between musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck area and stress factors: 1. traffic congestion on bus routes (OR= 3.68; IC95%=0.98-13.8; p=0.043) and 2. Lack of accessibility to a bathroom (OR=3.00; IC95%= 1.04-8.64; p=0.037). The factors of stress influence, together with the ergonomic risks, the appearance of SME in urban bus drivers. Based on the results, hygienic services should be urgently implemented at rest stops for bus drivers, as well as guaranteeing the non-invasion of private vehicles in the lane exclusively for public vehicles.