Cesárea y sus características en adolescentes, en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo. Azogues. 2015-2016.

Abstract

ANTECEDENT: Adolescence is a life stage of biological, psycological and social changes. Adolescent pregnancies constitute a public health problem all over the world, especially in countries in process of development as our own, causing a high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. GENERAL OBJECTIVE: Establishing the caesarean frequency and its characteristics in adolescents that were attended at the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital for the period 2015-2016. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study was made by collecting data of 278 clinical histories of adolescents who were practiced caesarean section at the area of gynecology and obstetrics in HomeroCastanier Crespo Hospital during the period 2015 - 2016. The SPSS program was used for processing data through frequencies and percentages. Central measures were used for calculating (stocking) and dispersion tendency (standard deviation) for age, stature and weight. RESULTS: The average age was of 17.30 ± 1.49, predominating the ones from 15 to 19 years old in a 96.4%.The highest frecuency of caesarean sections in adolescents was 28.1% in 19 years old. A 42.4% of adolescents weren´t submitted to a caesarean section while 52.5% had a previous antecedent; 51.4% were selective caesarean sections. Prenatal controls (79.5%) from 1 to 8 were performed more frecuently; also 1 to 3 ultrasounds (60.8%). The prevalent diagnosis was cephalopelvic disproportion with 28.4%, followed by several diagnosis which were categorized as (stillbirth, oligoamnios, preeclamsia, congenital hip dislocation and failed induction) corresponding to a 25.9% and by last, dystocias with 21.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Being an adolescent and having a pregnancy for the first time are risk factors for performing caesarean section.