Correlación entre hallazgos ecográficos y citológicos en nódulos tiroideos en pacientes del Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA. Cuenca. 2016 - 2017.

Abstract

Background: ultrasound is the most useful imaging study in the identification of thyroid nodules, it allows us to differentiate characteristics highly suggestive of malignancy, avoiding aspiration with fine needle (P.A.A.F.) guided with ultrasound (US) or unnecessary thyroidectomies. Objective: to determine the correlation between echographic and cytological findings in thyroid nodules in patients treated at the Cancer Institute SOLCA - Cuenca, 2016 - 2017. Methodology: cross-sectional study and diagnostic correlation, consisting of 236 patients with thyroid nodules, with P.A.A.F. - US and later cytology; characterized by age, sex, cytological result (Bethesda), after which statistically significant associations were established between ultrasound and cytology. Results: the mean age found was 52.36 SD ± 13.93 (range between 22 and 89); the prevalent female sex with 204 patients (86.4%), the Bethesda II classification was 62.3%; there is a statistically significant association between ultrasound and cytology with microcalcifications (OR: 6.83, p value 0.00), hypoechoic echogenicity (OR: 5.78, p value 0.00), central vascularity (OR: 3, 84; p value 0.0007); the frequency of malignancy by cytology was 16.1%; and the correlation cytology - ultrasound obtained a Spearman coefficient Rho = 0.14; with level of significance of 0.03. Conclusion: ultrasound is very useful to know highly significant characteristics for malignancy avoiding unnecessary procedures or interventions.