Estado nutricional y gasto energético total de los triatletas pre-juveniles y juveniles de la Federación Deportiva del Azuay periodo octubre 2017 a marzo 2018

Abstract

Introduction: The triathlon is a sport of resistance, it is composed of three disciplines: swimming, cycling and running, demanding a high energy expenditure; the energy requirements in adolescence are significantly higher than at any other stage, that is why a comprehensive valuation has to be carry out, and important implications related to the health and performance of the athlete must be avoided. Objective: To determine the nutritional status and total energy expenditure of triathletes of the pre-juvenile and youth categories of the Federación Deportiva del Azuay in the period: October 2017 to March 2018. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 20 athletes, 12 men and 8 women between 13 and 19 years old. The total energy expenditure, anthropometric assessment, biochemical analysis, food intake and clinical and dietary aspects were determined to evaluate the nutritional status of the triathletes. Results: The total energy expenditure of the triathletes was 3446 calories in men and 3321 calories in women. The fat percentage values were 13.8% in men and 16.6% in women. The 40% of athletes covered their energy needs; the 10% had an adequate protein intake, the average was 1.7 g/kg/day; the 30% covered with fat requirements and the 25% consumed the right amount of carbohydrates. Conclusion: Athletes show an adequate nutritional status despite the aspects analyzed such as insufficient caloric intake, incorrect eating habits, biochemical values and microbiological risks, which in the future could lead to complications if they are not corrected and an adequate follow-up is carried out