Confort térmico en viviendas vernáculas, técnica de construcción de bahareque en Azogues - Ecuador

Abstract

The sustainable architecture, has as one of its fundamentals try not to degrade the environment, that implies the materials and techniques that are used for walls, nevertheless the civilizations that settled in Ecuador they shown us construction techniques with natural elements and less harmful to the environment, which we have inherited and still in use to this day. In our country, not many technological advances have been made in this type of construction, being a sustainable alternative by the components of their materials, this techniques has diminished its use and has been increasingly replaced by the blocks of concrete.

The type of technique to be treated is the “Bahareque” what is it the construction system used for the vernacular dwellings in Cojitambo, parish of the city of Azogues - Ecuador. Consists of stationary pillars with pieces of wood or reeds interlaced with a filling of a mixture of soil with cow dung. Therefore, this study conducted an analysis of the origins, characteristics and components that make it up. Three vernacular dwellings were analyzed, taking into account the model of the construction technique of bahareque, under the conditions of the climate of Cojitambo and using sustainable design analysis software Ecotect comparisons of thermal comfort were made with the construction model of the existing blocks of concrete.

Finally, a proposal for social housing for Azogues and his the rural area in which visually speaking an expression of an existing architecture is projected demonstrating the adaptability and variety offered by the bahareque technique.