Medición y análisis de la eficiencia en la gestión de salud pública: una aplicación al sector hospitalario en el Ecuador período 2008 – 2015

Abstract

The main purpose of this article is to measure the efficiency of 60 hospitals belonging to the Ministry of Public Health (MSP), classified in basic hospitals, general hospitals and specialized hospitals. Thus, a frontier, nonparametric model known as; Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) whose meaning in Spanish is: Data Envelopment Analysis, which through a rigorous selection of input and output builds an efficient frontier capable of identifying efficient and inefficient hospitals in the 2008-2015 period. Also, factor analysis was used to support the variables considered in the analysis, by calculating quantitative indices. The results referring to the efficiency index show that 42% of the hospitals of the Ministry of Public Health remained efficient between 2008 and 2015. 30% were inefficient in the two years, 17% of hospitals increased their health services to the public. A decrease in efficiency was suffered by 12% of health institutions from efficient in 2008 to inefficient in 2015. In addition, it is interesting to note that some hospitals located in provinces considered model, according to the results these hospitals proved to be inefficient, showing that not always an efficient hospital operates in a province of greater development.