Evaluación de trichoderma harzianum rafai y dos extractos vegetales en mora, fresa y tomate en post cosecha, contra botrytis sp., aspergillus sp., y penicillium sp.

Abstract

The demand for fruits and vegetables in the world is high. These products are especially affected in the post-harvest stage due to the presence of pathogenic fungi such as Aspergillus, Botrytis and Penicillium. They are very common in physiological ripe fruits due to inappropriate handling in the harvest, transport and storage. These pathogens are the main cause of losses in the production and the commercialization. In the search for a control alternative, other than the chemical, the present research aims to contribute a sustainable management of horticultural production in the post-harvest stage. I evaluated the antifungal activity of Trichoderma harzianum from Luisa grass and Good grass to control the fungus: Aspergillus, Botrytis and Penicillium. These treatments were applied on two fruit species, mulberry (Rubus glaucus), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), and a horticultural specie kidney tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). In addition, I evaluated Carbendazim which is a chemical treatment used for the control of these pathogens. Twenty days after inoculation of the pathogen the analysis showed the best treatment was Luisa Grass on Lycopersicum esculentum. Four days after inoculation on Rubus glaucus and Fragaria ananassa Good grass and Trichoderman were the best treatment. According to end result the evaluated treatments could be an alternative for the post-harvest stage. Also, when I compared its efficiency against the chemical treatment, I found the biological treatments are viable for the control of pathogens. In summary, I assure a sustainable commercialization with its usage and tecnical management.