Variables psicológicas relacionadas con la calidad de vida en pacientes con dolor crónico

Abstract

The biopsychosocial model of health leads to consider that the perception of the quality of life in the face of chronic pain may be influenced by psychological variables. For this reason, the present quantitative cross-sectional correlational study analyzes whether strategies for solving social problems, anxiety and depression levels and personality traits are related to the quality of life of people with chronic pain, the study included 30 adults aged between 35 and 65 years, patients of the Hospital Militar III de Tarqui. Mayor Dr. Alberto Alvarado C. of the city of Cuenca, with a diagnosis of chronic pain confirmed by the treating traumatologist. The evaluation instruments were: Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF); Revised social problem-solving inventory (SPSI-R); Hospital Anxiety and depression Scale (HAD); Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated (EPQR-A). The sociodemographic variables of the study were collected through a questionnaire developed by the research team. The results indicate that the participants considered the physical domain of quality of life to be the most affected, with the environmental domain being less affected. The social problem-solving strategy positive orientation towards the problem has a significant correlation with the physical and psychological domains; the avoidant style, correlates significantly with the psychological domain. Additionally, we detected an anxious and depressive symptomatology that would be negatively correlated with each of the quality of life domains. Finally, the personality trait neuroticism correlated negatively with all domains of quality of life. Considering these results, it is convenient to carry out more studies that allow to know more thoroughly how the psychological factors influence the perception of the quality of life.