Factores asociados al sobrepeso -obesidad en niños de la Escuela Doce de Abril. Cuenca, 2016

Abstract

Background: Overweight and obesity are nutritional disorders that increasingly affect the early ages and are considered as the epidemic of the 21st century. These disorders can trigger chronic pathologies in adulthood. Children with a history of being overweight at an advanced stage may develop juvenile or insulin-dependent diabetes, as well as cardiorespiratory diseases. The main causes are environmental and socioeconomic factors. Among the environmental factors we can see the lack of adequate physical activity and bad eating habits, while in the socioeconomic factors the low family income, the occupation and level of education of the parents stand out. Objective: To identify factors associated with overweight and obesity in children at the Doce de Abril School in Cuenca. Methodology: The study is observational; Analytical model. The universe consisted of 690 students and a sample of 186. As a technique was used the survey with previously validated questionnaires and as instrument the Krece-Plus rapid test to evaluate nutritional quality and physical activity. The data were processed in the programs SPSS and EXCEL, which are presented in tables and graphs with their respective descriptive analysis. Results: Of the 186 children, 50.5% were found to be overweight and obese, of which 40.3% are overweight and 10.2% are obese. 59.1% are women and 40.9% are children. 63.5% of overweight-obese children have inadequate eating habits. 54.67% of overweight-obese children have poor physical activity. 45.33% of overweight children have mothers who have only completed primary school, 40% of overweight children are children whose mothers are housewives. 64% of overweight children have parents with a lower than basic salary. There is a greater preference for carbohydrates, meats, sausages and there is little consumption of vegetables, fruits and vegetables