Diseño de un sistema de humedales artificiales para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales en la comunidad del Tabacay, cantón Azogues, provincia de Cañar

Abstract

The community of Tabacay located in the canton of Azogues, Cañar province, does not have a wastewater treatment and directly discharges its black waters into one of the streams that joins the Tabacay River, altering the natural composition of the water. The purpose of the project is the design of a system of artificial wetlands. The project started with a meeting with EMAPAL EP technicians and the community to inform them about the project and establish a site for the system to be implemented in the future. A sampling site at the point of discharge of the largest number of domicile interconnected to the community wastewater channel was designated for analysis of the parameters (pH, suspended solids, volatile solids, sedimented solids, nitrites, nitrates, BOD , COD and phosphorus) and subsequent comparison with the Environmental Quality and Effluent Discharge Standards (TULSMA BOOK 6 ANNEX 1). For the design, data obtained from laboratory analysis and tables, theoretical flows and population growth were used to guarantee a useful life of the system, the appropriate vegetation was chosen for the zone, that complies with the removal of pollutants and the correct oxygenation of the wetland. Finally, the cost of plant implementation was estimated, with unit values for material and labor for the correct operation of the plant, adiotinally an operation and maintenance manual was performed to guarantee the efficiency of the system.