Salud mental de adultos mayores en los centros geriátricos Rosa Elvira de León y Antonio Granda. 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND. - The population of older adults in Ecuador according to the 2010 INEC census represents 6% of the total population (940,905). In addition, life expectancy in the country has increased to 72.79 in men and 78.82 years in women, so that the projection of older adults increases, by the need to modify public policies that guarantees a decent, autonomous and independent aging process. The health-disease profile of this age group is characterized by depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, affective disorders and deterioration of the quality of life. OBJECTIVE. - Evaluate the mental health of older adults in the geriatric centers Rosa Elvira de León and Antonio Granda in 2016. METHODS AND MATERIALS. - A quantitative research, descriptive transversal study, was realized, where the universe is represented by 61 older adults. It is a finite universe that doesn´t need a sample calculation. Of all the population, 50 participants signed informed consent; the remaining 11 participants are blind, deaf and illiterate. The research technique employed is the assessment of Mental Health applied the Yesavage test, Cognitive Impairment scale, Hamilton test. With regard to tabulation of data was performed in the program SPSSV.20, and the results are represented in frequency tables and percentages. USE OF RESULTS .- The investigation found that the Antonio Granda asylum is composed of 22 older adults, 36.36% are between 81-90 years old, 68.18% are women, 50% are single, 31.82% are illiterate, 68.18% have cognitive deficit, 22.73% depression, 36.36% have psychic anxiety, 31.82% somatic anxiety. On the other hand, percentages in Rosa Elvira de León change. Of 39 older adults, 33.33% are between 71-80 years old, 58.97% are women, 58.97% are single, 25.64% are illiterate, 48.72% have cognitive deficits, 38.46% have depression , 33.33% psychic anxiety, 25.64% somatic anxiety, stressing that in some variables such as: sex, marital status, schooling, cognitive deficit, and anxiety both psychic and somatic the percentages are similar. CONCLUSIONS: The mental health of elderly in geriatric centers is affected in a 68% and 32% of the participants are stable, according to the scales of assessment