Prevalencia y factores asociados a retinopatía diabética en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca 2015

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-transmissible chronic metabolic disease of great health, social and economic impact worldwide and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ecuador. Its complications can be both microvascular and macrovascular, causing a progressive deterioration in the quality of life; among the most important is diabetic retinopathy that is the fourth cause of blindness in the world. Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and associated factors in patients with endocrinology outpatient diabetes mellitus at José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in 2015. Method and Materials: This work is analytical and transversal. A completed form was used from the medical records of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in 2015, the sample was 268 people. For the analysis of the information, descriptive statistics of prevalence and percentages, chi square, prevalence ratio, confidence interval and p value were applied. The results will be displayed in tables. Results: 63% were women; the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 25.9% and 72% of the eye fundus. Retinopathy was associated with the age of patients (P: 0.00) with values of glycosylated hemoglobin (P: 0.002) the time of evolution of diabetes (P: 0.009) and hypertension (P: 0.029)

Conclusions: Prevalence is similar to published studies and diabetic retinopathy is associated with age, Hb1ac levels, time to progression of diabetes, and hypertension