Evaluación del efecto de Thrichoderma harzianum y bocashi en la producción de cebolla Allium cepa utilizando el método de investigación participativa en el cantón Santa Isabel, Azuay como un sistema alternativo de producción

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of different doses of biofertilizers bocashi and Thrichodem as fertilizer alternatives for the production of red onion in a growing season, taking into account a participatory research approach through workshops, surveys, farm visits, Field days with producers. The study was carried out in two localities; Sulupali and Jubones of canton Santa Isabel, province of Azuay, the lots were randomly selected from a total of 40 farmers. The work consisted in a comparative study of the levels of production that they generate with the application of Thrichoderma harzianum and bocashi in front of the conventional system that the farmers make using chemical inputs, analyzing organoleptic parameters and residue of pesticides of the onion. In this research, a completely randomized block design was used, in which 4 treatments and a chemical control were evaluated; the factors evaluated constituted a strain of Thrichoderma harzianum and bocashi applied in 2 doses of each with 4 replicates; Compared to a chemical control with 1 replicate of the experiment. For the statistical analyzes, Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric test was used, due to the fact that normality and homoscedasticity tests (homogeneity of variances) were unfavorable for the application of Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter, insect pest attack and pest pathogen were evaluated, obtaining better productive results in the alternative systems results obtained in onion production over the average levels of the area; With alternative treatments, the onion samples from the treatment were sent to the laboratory that obtained better results for bromatological analyzes, giving us the presence of pesticide residues (Chlorpyrifos in 137.75 ppb) lof one of the conventional system, limits that are within the permissible ranges So that the product was acceptable for human consumption under current regulations.