Factores de riesgo ergonómicos para el desarrollo de lesiones musculoesqueléticas en trabajadores de las ladrilleras de la comunidad El Chorro, Cuenca 2016

Abstract

Background: ergonomic risks and dangers that are presents in the brickyards can be the responsible of occupational diseases and complicate other health problems, which can present laborers being respiratory, hearing and the most common muscle skeletal problems. Objective: to determinate the ergonomic risk factors for the development of muscle skeletal injuries in laborers brickworks community (El Chorro Cuenca, 2016). Methodology: It is a descriptive research; we worked with a finite universe of 97 laborers. As a technique it was used the direct observation and as tool was applied a formulary, based on the format designed by ERGOPAR E ISTAS. It was modified by the authors; for its validation a pilot test was applied in which participate a population of the same characteristics that were used for the investigation. For analysis and data tabulation were used software’s such as Microsoft Office 2010 Word, Excel and SPSS version 15. To present the data were used content tables with their respective statistical analysis. Results: It was identified that the ergonomic risk factors are high determining thus: according to forced posture the 100% of the laborers keep a repetitive posture, according to the manual cargo handling the 52,1% of laborers lift up 3 or 6kg approximately and according to repetitive movements the 50% of laborers perform the same action from 1 to 5 times per minute. These factors influence mainly on the development of injury lumbar back with a total of 37,5%. Conclusion: In this research was able to determinate ergonomic risk factors to which brick yard laborers are exposed and was possible to determinate its rol on the development of muscle skeletal injuries, demonstrated by a high pain at lumbar back 37.5%, besides in a low percentage 2,1% pain in: shoulders, elbows and arms. The most significant measure adopted by laborers to heal the pain problem is traditional medicine and is acquire by the 24% of the population