Diversidad de las comunidades de bacterias y hongos en suelos de cultivos de frutales andinos bajo manejo orgánico y convencional

Abstract

Soil is one of the most complex and heterogeneous ecosystems due to its varied composition and abundant diversity of microorganisms. The characterization of the microbial communities that colonize this ecosystem has been limited because the classic methodologies only allow the study of a minimum percentage of the microbiology of the soil, the so-called cultivable microorganisms. In the present study the molecular technique Gel Electrophoresis with Denaturing Gradient (DGGE) was used to identify the differences and similarities in the characteristics of the microbial communities present in 5 pairs of soils cultivated with Andean fruit trees under two management systems: organic and conventional . Were detected no significant differences in DGGE profiles in each pair of samples, which means that the fungal and bacterial communities are very similar in the soils with the two management systems. The ITS region equitability index was however higher in organic soils. However, the results obtained through this research will allow us to expand our knowledge about the consequences of different forms of agricultural production of fruit trees on the microbial communities of the rhizospheric soil