Elementos prefabricados-pretensados de montaje manual para techos y entrepisos de la vivienda social

Abstract

In the city of Cuenca-Ecuador, most constructions of buildings using traditional solutions (reinforced concrete in situ), which in small dwellings of economic-technical limited resources, quality finishes depending on the workforce. In parallel, the application of tending to prefabrication and industrialization of construction in buildings such as prestressed concrete, feasible to implement in massive construction projects such as social housing, construction technologies is scarce.

This study develops the constructive solution of beam-slab by the structural design of precast-prestressed beams manual assembly, to improve the construction of mezzanines and ceilings of social housing, being the most complex stage of executing in work.

Based on the review of literature and social housing projects built in Ecuador, constructive solution adopted, which includes the application of prestressed concrete is described, ceilings and mezzanines used in social housing are characterized, setting the stage work of this study. Then, using hand tools and computational structural design calculation of the prestressed prefabricated beams it is performed by applying design standards and codes accepted by Ecuadorian law.

The result obtained is a series of precast-prestressed beams, specifying its shape and dimensions. The process of manual assembly of beams in work also disclosed.

Finally, after comparing the proposal with respect to the traditional solution it is concluded that the slab-beam solution feasible to apply in social housing.