Prevalencia de recesión gingival y factores asociados en estudiantes entre 18 y 25 años de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-2016

Abstract

Introduction: The gingival recession (GR) is defined as exposure of the root surface by apical migration of the position of the marginal gingival, which can cause blemishes, dentinal hypersensitivity and root caries. Objective: To determine the prevalence of gingival recession and associated factors in students of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Cuenca, in the period 2015- 2016. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on 131 students aged 18 to 25 who met the inclusion criteria, selected by simple randomization. A clinical examination was carried out and a questionnaire was applied to determine the prevalence of GR and possible associated factors such as, periodontal biotype, modified gingival index, subgingival restorations, oral hygiene, after orthodontics, toothbrushing. Results: The prevalence of GR was 64,1 %; without difference in the gender (64,3 % in males and 64 % females). A statistically significant association was found between vestibular GR a modified gingival index value of 0 (p = 0,04) and the type of toothbrush with medium bristles (p = 0,03). Other factors evaluated showed no significant association. Conclusions: The prevalence of GR was 64,1 %.The most affected teeth were the lower premolars. Of the recessions found the 98% showed Miller class I. According to the dimension in millimeters 83,2 % had 1mm; the vestibular surface was the most affected. Significantly associated factors were the type of toothbrush with medium bristles and modified gingival index value of 0 with vestibular GR