Elaboración de un balance hídrico de la Cuenca del Río Machangara

Abstract

This work makes a water balance in the Machángara River basin located in the province of Azuay and Cañar, has an area of 325 km2 and it is composed of threemicrobasins: Chulco River, Machangara Alto River and Machángara Bajo River.

Three climatological variables were evaluated, those were the most influensive water amounts, was assessed so the precipitation, temperature (average, maximum and minimum) and evapotranspiration. In the same way was determined demand for water and identification of the most relevant uses of water resources.

Water availability in the basin was obtained from the intersection of information between precipitation and evapotranspiration. For the study of the precipitation is determined effective areas of each station with the method of Thiessen polygons, and for the calculation of evapotranspiration the Thornthwaite method, which is based on the average temperatura was used.

For the calculation of water demand was an analysis and preliminary selection of data using information from the Bank's authorization of the secretariat national water (SENAGUA).

Relevant results in this research is the analysis of water availability vs. water demand at the level of the upper and lower basin, in order to meet the deficit and excess of water resources in these areas at monthly level.