Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de depresión y ansiedad en pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer en las áreas de clínica, cirugía y ginecología en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca 2014-2015

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety and depression in cancer patients, hospitalized in “Jose Carrasco Arteaga” Hospital, 2014-2015. Methods: A transversal study was conducted in 365 hospitalized patients with a cancer diagnose. The “Hospitalized Anxiety and Depression Scale” was used, along with sociodemographic questions. The data obtained were analyzed and presented with the programs Excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), 15.0. Descriptive and association statistics were used, like Chi square, prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence (p<0.05).

Results: The average age was 60,91 years, SD of 14,7 years, 57,8% of cases were women, married people in 67.1% of cases, urban residence in 72.1% of cases. The anxiety prevalence was 21.1% and the prevalence for depression 28.8%. The frequency of associated factors was: breast cancer was the most frequent with 17%, 45.5% presented metastasis, 54.8% were treated with chemotherapy, the diagnose was made between 0 to 11 months in 54.8% of cases, 20% of the population lived alone with a 50.1% of infrequent family support (sometimes). No factor was associates statistically with anxiety (p>0.05); but with depression we found: age PR: 13.37, gender: PR: 5.15, type of cancer PR 35.74 (significant X2) and patients who had metastasis PR 1.6 (CI 95% 1.1-2.3); living alone PR 1.4 (IC 95% 1-2); family support sometimes RP 2 (IC 95% 1,3-3,1) and no family support RP 4,4 (IC 95% 3,1-6,1).

Conclusions: The frequency of depression and anxiety is high and family factors and the coexistence factors are the most influential.