Modalidades de alimentación, factores asociados al destete precoz y su relación con el estado nutricional en niños de 0-6 meses nacidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca, Ecuador. 2014

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To identify feeding types, risk factors associated to early weaning and its relationship with the nutritional status in children 0-6 months old born in HVCM (Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso). METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 328 mother-child pairs. The children were those born in HVCM, with appropriate weight. For the collection of data the mothers were chosen from the Health Sub centers were the children’s controls were taking place; a data sheet was used for the collection of information, previous to all this we had to have an informed consent signed, for the nutritional assessment we used the patterns of the OMS and for the socio economic qualification we used the INEC’s form for this purpose. The information was analyzed using the version 15 of the SPSS program, we did simple data sheets of frequencies and percentages, we obtained average and standard deviation of the quantitative variables and for the association we applied the square chi, Odds Ratio and the value of p with 95% of level of trust. Results: The frequency feeding types were: complete breastfeeding 76,2%; Partial 19.8% and artificial feeding 4%; the lack of breast milk being the main reason for early weaning. The nutritional assessment showed a wasting frequency of 3,7%; severe wasting 6,1%; overweight 5,2% and obesity 3,7%. the socio-economic assessment showed that 54,3% belonged to a medium low stratum C-, The use of artificial feeding and partial breastfeeding was bigger on moms of same age or less than 18 years old (69,6%); level of complete college education 35,3%; singles 39,4%; students (35,3%); primiparous (25%) and belonging to the medium low socio-economic stratum C – with 35,7%. The risk factors for early weaning were statistically significant only on the single status (OR = 2,6 IC 95% 1,5-4,7) and student occupation (OR = 1,9 IC 95% 1-3,7) Conclusions: the early weaning was frequent and mostly associated with maternal factors like the level of instruction (education).