Prevalencia de los genotipos del papiloma virus humano en muestras cérvico uterinas y su relación con los factores de riesgo en mujeres con vida sexual activa de los Cantones Gualaceo, Paute y Chordeleg de la Provincia del Azuay 2013-2014

Abstract

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical cancer; with the technique of real-time PCR have been identified so far over 200 genotypes of low and high oncogenic degree; some types can cause benign papillomas and other produce cancer of the cervix. It is shown that over 90% of these cancers are caused by high-risk HPV.

The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical specimens and their relationship with risk factors in women with active sexual life of Gualaceo, Paute and Chordeleg of the province of Azuay.

This study was observational, cross-sectional with a random sample of 200 women from Gualaceo, Paute and Chordeleg; examinations were performed in the laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Cuenca, the technique of Real Time PCR was used; and the Pap test.

The HPV prevalence was 26.50%, 4% are low-risk HPV and 22.50% high risk.

The presence of high-risk HPV is found in 33.3% of metaplastic lesions, 26.7% in vaginosis and in the 21.6% of inflammations.

Have statistical significance (p <0.05; OR> 1) the following risk factors: number of sexual partners and male partner with multiple sexual partners