Alternativas al uso de bromuro de metilo en el cultivo de gypsophila paniculata L. Var. Million star. en el cantón Gualaceo

Abstract

The project aimed to search for the alternatives to substitute methyl bromide in the soil disinfection for the cultivation of Gypsophila paniculata L. The research took place in the province of Azuay, Gualaceo Village, specifically in ISPLANTS flower-growing, with the collaborations of the University of Cuenca, The United Nations Organization (UNIDO), the Ministry of Production (MIPRO) and the Association of Flowers Producers and Exporters from Ecuador (EXPOFLORES). The research was carried out on a plot of 967, 20 sm (square meters). A Randomly Design was applied (RD) with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions. For the Variant Analysis (ADEVA), the INFOSTAT and 22 SPSS program was used and the Turkey´s significance test to the 5%; the realized treatments were: (chemical + micro-organisms); biologic applying biological micro-organisms to the soil and the organic ones with the bio-solarization system. Four variables were evaluated: 1. Number of weeds at 30 days of transplantation, 2. Number of dead plants throughout the crop cycle, 3. Number of shoots per plant at 40 days of the pinch, 4. Number of total exportable stems and quality on weight of the stems in total. The most promissory alternative was the T0 treatment ((Agrocelhone) + (Ballus, Tricomix, Actimax, Biol)) because it got satisfactory results. In the economic analysis, it was determined that the treatment T5 (2 kg / m² of plant material + 0.5 kg / m gallinaza) is the most profitable alternative since it has a lower variable cost with a higher net profit.