La estructura familiar del niño víctima de acoso escolar

Abstract

This quantitative and qualitative research at an exploratory and descriptive level, has the purpose of describing the family structure of the child victim of bullying and the relationship between parents-child. Three different surveys were applied: the Questionnaire on bullying and peer abuse in educational institutions of Basic Education of the city of Cuenca, validated by Shephard, Ordóñez y Rodríguez (2012). The surveys were applied to 510 students from second to seventh grade in a public co-ed school in the city of Cuenca. This survey permitted us to identify the percentage of children victims of bullying; the Questionnaire on peer abuse: victim profile,was adapted from the original survey or questionnaire of Fernandez and Ortega, by Ordóñez (2014). This questionnaire allowed us to identify the psychosocial profile of the child victim. There was also one semi-structured interview called The family structure of the child victim and perpetrator of bullying, developed by Ordóñez and Mazón (2014), done to 20 parents of child victims identified, which allowed us to describe the family structure of the child victim at the level of parental subsystem. The results show 9.6% of child victims of bullying and 25.1% of potential victims. The child victim shows isolation, dysthymia, avoidance, anxiety, somatization, denial and some underachievement. In terms of structure in the parental subsystem it is proven: boundaries, hierarchies and flexible rules, rigid borders. The descriptive role and the affective function focus on the mother.